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Advanced english practice
A communicative grammar of english
1000 words and idioms
50 mixed ability grammar lessons
Language practice with key (teacher book)
English Grammar in use with answers
English vocabulary in use Pre-intermediate
Cambridge Certificate in advanced english
English vocabulary in use upper-intermediate
cambridge developing grammar in context

Connectors VI (Condition)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating conjunction	but	High level positions are stressful at times, but the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Subordinating conjunctions	whereas, while	While high level positions are stressful at times, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Conjunctive adverbs	in contrast, on the other hand	High level positions are stressful at times; on the other hand, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Prepositions	unlike	Unlike the undesirable stress of high level positions, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.

Connectors V (Contrast)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating conjunction	but	High level positions are stressful at times, but the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Subordinating conjunctions	whereas, while	While high level positions are stressful at times, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Conjunctive adverbs	in contrast, on the other hand	High level positions are stressful at times; on the other hand, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Prepositions	unlike	Unlike the undesirable stress of high level positions, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.

Connectors IV (Opposition)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating conjunction	but	High level positions are stressful at times, but professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Subordinating conjunctions	although, despite the fact that	Despite the fact that high level positions are stressful at times, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Conjunctive adverbs	however, nevertheless	High level positions are stressful at times; nevertheless, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.
Prepositional phrases	despite, in spite of	In spite of the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels.

Connectors III (Cause/effect)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating conjunctions	for (cause), so (effect)	Professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient, for their positions are at times rather stressful.
Subordinating conjunctions	because, since	Since high level positions are at times rather stressful, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Conjunctive adverbs	therefore, as a result, consequently	High level positions are at times rather stressful; therefore, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.
Prepositions	because of, due to, as a result of	Due to the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.

Connectors II (Addition)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating Conjunction	and	High level positions are stressful at times, and can be harmful to your health.
Conjunctive adverbs	in addition, additionally, furthermore, moreover, also	High level positions are stressful at times; furthermore, they can be harmful to your health
Correlative conjunctions	not only...but also	Not only are high level positions stressful at times, but they also can be harmful to your health.
Prepositional phrases	in addition to, along with, as well as	Along with being stressful, high level positions can also be harmful to your health.

Connectors I (Comparison)

Type of Connector	Connector(s)	Examples
Coordinating Conjunction	and...too	High level positions are stressful, and can be harmful to your health too.
Subordinating conjunction	just as	Just as high level positions are stressful, they can be harmful to your health.
Conjunctive adverbs	similarly, in comparison	High level positions are stressful at times; similarly, they can be harmful to your health.
Prepositions	like, similar to	Similar to other important professions, high level business positions are stressful at times.

Listening Song Hurricane (Bob Dylan)

Stanza 1: Number the lines in the correct order

 Here comes the story of the Hurricane

 Pistol shots ring out in the bar room night

 Put in a prison cell, but one time he coulda been

 Enter Patty Valentine from the upper-hall

 The champion of the world

 She sees the bartender in a pool of blood

 Cries out, "My God, they killed them all!"

 For somethin' that he never done

 The man the authorities came to blame

 

Stanza 2: Tick the correct answer

Three bodies lyin'layin'there does Patty see

And another man named Bello, movin' around suspiciouslymysteriously

"I didn't do it," he says, and he putsthrowsup his hands

"I was only droppin'robbin'the register, I hope you understand

I saw them leavingliving" he says, and he stops

"One of us had better call up the cupscops"

And so Patty calls the cops

And they arrive on the scenespotwith their red lights shinin'flashin'

In the hot New Jersey nightlight

 

Stanza 3: Unscramble the words

Meanwhile, far  (yawa) in another part of town

Rubin Carter and a  (puolec) of friends are drivin' around

Number one contender for the middleweight  (norcw)

Had no (aeid) what kinda shit was about to go down

When a cop pulled him over to the side of the (drao)

Just like the (meti) before and the time before that

In Paterson that's just the way (gihstn) go

If you're (kbacl) you might as well not show up on the street

'Less you wanta draw the heat

 

Stanza 4: Choose the correct answer

Alfred Bello had a pantherpartnerfatherfriend and he had a rap for the cops

Him and Arthur Dexter Bradley were just out prancingcrawlingprowlingrolling around

He said, "I saw two men runningroaminggoinggetting out, they looked like middleweights

They jammedjumpedjaggedrushed into a white car with out-of-state plates"

And Miss Patty Valentine just movedshooknoddedturned her head

Cop said, "Wait a minute boys, this one's not dadheadhurtdead"

So they took him to the infirmary

And though this man could hardly speaksayseasee

They told him that he could rectifyidentifysatisfyfalsify the guilty men

 

Stanza 5: Match the two halves

Four in the mornin'                   a) of the Hurricane

Take him to the hospital                  b) came to blame   

The wounded man                c) and they haul Rubin in   

Says, "Wha'd you bring him in here for?         d) that he never done 

Yes, here's the story           e) and they bring him upstairs

The man the authorities          f) but one time he coulda been

For somethin'           g) looks up through his one dyin' eye

Put in a prison cell,          h) He ain't the guy!"

The champion of the world

 

Stanza 6: Fill in the missing letters or words

Four   later, the ghettoes are in ame

Rubin's in South America, fightin' for his ame

While Arthur Dexter Bradley's still in the robbery ame

And the cops are puttin' the screws to him, lookin' for somebody to ame

"Remember that   that happened in a bar?"

"Remember you said you saw the getaway ?"

"You think you'd like to play  with the law?"

"Think it mighta been that fighter that you saw runnin' that  ?

"Don't forget that you are "

 

Stanza 7: Tick the correct lines or write the extra word in the box in the wrong ones

Arhtur Dexter Bradley said, "I'm really not sure" 

Cops said, "A poor man like you could use a break 

We got you for the motel job and now we're talkin' to your friend Bello 

Now you don't wanta have to go back again to jail, be a nice fellow 

You'll be doin' society a great favor 

That sonofabitch is brave and gettin' much braver 

We want to put his ass in stir  

We want to pin up this triple murder on him  

He ain't no Gentleman brother Jim" 

 

Stanza 8: Fill in the following words for which synonyms are given

pay   paradise   punch    jail    mouse    trail    talk    streams

Rubin could take a man out with just one (fist)

But he never did like to (speak)  about it all that much

It's my work, he'd say, and I do it for (money)

And when it's over I'd just as soon go on my way

Up to some (heaven)

Where the trout (rivers)  flow and the air is nice

And ride a horse along a (path)

But then they took him to the (prison)  house

Where they try to turn a man into a (rodent)

 

Stanza 9: Tick the correct spelling

All of Rubin's cards were marked in advanseadvance

The trailtrial was a pig-circus, he never had a chance

The judge made Rubin's witnesses drunkardsdrankards from the slums

To the white folks who watched he was a revulotionaryrevolutionary bum

And to the black folks he was just a crazy niggerniger

No one doubteddouted that he pulled the trigger

And thaughthough they could not produce the gun

The D.A. said he was the one who deeddid the deeddid

And the all-white jury agreed

 

Stanza 10 : Choose True or False

Rubin Carter was falsely tried TrueFalse

The crime was murder "two", guess who testified?TrueFalse

Bello and Bradley and they both cowardly lied TrueFalse

And the magazines, they all went along for the ride TrueFalse

How can the life of such a man TrueFalse

Be in the fingers of some fool's hand? TrueFalse

To see him obviously betrayed TrueFalse

Couldn't help but make me feel proud to live in a land TrueFalse

Where justice is a game  TrueFalse

 

Stanza 11: Fill in the missing words with the help of the pictures

Now all the criminals in their    and their   

Are free to drink martinis and watch the   rise

While Rubin sits like Buddha in a ten-foot

An innocent man in a living  

That's the story of the Hurricane

But it won't be over till they clear his

And give him back the   he's done

Put in aprison cell, but one time he coulda been

The   of the world

Phrasal Verbs and Prepositions exercise

Fill in the gaps with the suitable preposition.

 

1-Look  that girl. She's gorgeous!

 

2-I'm thinking  taking a language course.

 

3-You're right. I absolutely agree  you.

 

4-It's getting late.We can't wait  you much longer.

 

5-She doesn't depend  her parents' money.

 

6-He worries  his future.

 

7- Listen  your parents' advice.

 

8-Thanks  your precious help.

 

9-He's going to apply  a new job.

 

10-Can I speak  you alone?

 

Choose the right option to replace the words in italics.

 

1-It began to rain so we cancelled the match.

called off

carried on

got off

 

2-I asked him if he wanted to remove his coat.

put on

put out

take off

 

3-Sally resembles her mother, doesn't she?

looks at

looks like

looks after

 

4-His new novel will be published next summer.

come in

come out

go out

 

5-He resigned from his job when the truth about his past became known.

gave up

gave back

went out

 

6-That's a good idea but I need time to meditate about it.

run over

think over

get over

 

7-The World War I  began in 1914.

broke down

broke into

broke out

 

8-We never discovered why the accident happened.

tried on

found out

worked out

 

9-You must search the meaning of these words in the dictionary.

look at

look on

look up

 

10-A good friend will always support you.

stand for

stand by

turn down

 

 

Food Idioms I (a-b)

apple of her/his eye
MEANING: someone or something that one likes a lot
EXAMPLE: The little girl is the apple of her grandfather’s eye.
bad egg
MEANING: a bad person, bum
EXAMPLE: That man is a bad egg so you should try and avoid him if you can.
big cheese
MEANING: an important person, a leader
EXAMPLE: He is a big cheese in his company so you should be very nice to him.
bread and butter
MEANING: basic needs of life (food,shelter,clothing)
EXAMPLE:The voters are worried about bread and butter issues like jobs and taxes.
bring home the bacon
MEANING: earn your family’s living
EXAMPLE: Recently he has been working very hard trying to bring home the bacon. He has no time to do anything else.
butter up
MEANING: flatter someone to try to get their favor or friendship
EXAMPLE: He spends most of his free time trying to butter up his boss so that he won’t have to work so hard.

Paraphrasing Exercise I

1) There will be a few changes around in the office.

The boss announced that    in the office.

 

2) They will have to take a taxi to get there in time. (need)

They  in time

 

3) You ought to write to your parents more often. (better)

You  more often.

 

4) You weren't careful, so you made so many mistakes (had)

If   so many mistakes.

 

5) You shouldn't listen to anything she says.

If  anything she says.

 

6)I am almost sure there was a party at the neighbors' last night. (must)

There  last night.

 

7) Do you have any plans for tomorrow?

Are    tomorrow?

 

8) He seems well-educated, however  he's not very bright. (Although)

 

9) He drank a cup of tea.  He felt dizzy afterwards. 

After

 

10) He doesn't write to me as frequently as I wanted.

I wish

 

11) They broke into a warehouse last night.  (was)

     

 

12) I was not paying attention to the screen so I accidentally deleted some important file on my computer. (Because)

 

13) I am so sorry I broke your favourite cup.

She apologized

 

14) "I don't have enough time", he complained.

He complained

 

15) It was Mary who stole money.

He accused

 

16) "I completely forgot!" he admitted.

He admitted

 

17) The new manager seems to be a very capable woman.  I met her last week (who)

The new manager  a very capable woman.

 

18) They repaired my watch last week.  (Had)

I   last week.

 

19) Susan has less energy than Mia. (as)

Mia doesn't Susan.

 

20)  Peter has more cars than Joe. (as)

Joe doesn't  Peter

Reported Speech III (SAY vs. TELL)

En español podemos traducir "say"o "tell" como "decir", pero en inglés se usan estos verbos de maneras distintas. Hay unas reglas que indican el uso de uno sobre el otro en inglés, aunque en general usamos "say" para "decir algo" y "tell" para "decir algo a alguien."

Say

Se usa "say" en el estilo directo y el indirecto. Si queremos usar "say" con un objeto personal, necesitamos usar el preposicion "to". Examples:
Estilo directo:
  "I'm hungry," he said. ("Tengo hambre," él dijo.)
  "I need your help," Glen said to Mike. ("Necesito tu ayuda," Glen dijo a Mike.)
  She said, "Do you like to dance?" (Ella dijo, "¿Te gusta bailar?")
Estilo indirecto:
  He said he was hungry. (Él dijo que tenía hambre.)
  Glen said to Mike that he needed his help. (Glen dijo a Mike que necesitaba su ayuda.)
  She asked me if I liked to dance. (Me preguntó si me gustaba bailar.)

Tell

También se puede usar "tell" con el estilo directo y el indirecto, aunque el uso con el estilo directo no es tan común. Cuando usamos "tell" necesitamos usar un objeto indirecto que va detrás del verbo.
Examples:
Estilo directo
  He told me, "I'm hungry." (Me dijo, "Tengo hambre.")
  Glen told Mike, "I need your help." (Glen dijo a Mike, "Necesito to ayuda.")
Estilo indirecto
  He told me that he was hungry. (Me dijo que tuvo hambre.)
  Glen told Mike that he needed his help. (Glen dijo a Mike que necesitaba su ayuda.)
Otros usos de "tell":
Se usa "tell" con ordenes o instrucciones.

• Ejemplos:
• I told him, "Stop complaining." (Le dije, "Deja de quejarte.")
• She told us to hurry. (Nos dijo de darnos prisa.)

Usamos "tell" cuando damos o pedimos información.

• Ejemplos:
• "Can you tell me your name please." ("Dime tu nombre, por favor.")
• You told him the address of the office? (¿Le dijiste la dirección de la oficina?)

Se usa "tell" con cuentos o bromas. En esto caso, se puede traducir "tell" como "contar" en español.

• Ejemplos:
• He told us a great story. (Nos contó un cuento maravilloso.)
• "Tell me a joke," she said. ("Cuéntame un chiste," ella dijo.)

Con la verdad y las mentiras, se usa "tell."

• Ejemplos:
• "Tell me the truth," she said. ("Dime la verdad," ella dijo.)
• Keith never tells lies. (Keith nunca miente.)

Usamos "tell" con el tiempo o la fecha.
Ejemplos:
"Could you tell me the time, please?" she asked. ("Podrías decirme la hora, por favor?" me preguntó.)
Bob told me the date. (Bob me dijo la fecha.

Reported Speech II (MODAL VERBS)

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Will	Would
"I'll go to the movies tomorrow," John said.	John said he would go to the movies tomorrow.
"Will you help me move?" she asked.	She asked me if I would help her move.
Can	Could
Debra said, "Allen can work tomorrow."	Debra said Allen could work tomorrow.
"Can you open the window, please?", he asked.	He asked me if I could open the window.
Must	Had to
"You must wear your seatbelt," mom said.	My mom said we had to wear my seatbelt.
She said, "You must work tomorrow."	She said I had to work tomorrow.
Shall	Should
"Shall we go to the beach today?" Tom asked.	Tom asked if we should go to the beach today.
"What shall we do tonight?" she asked.	She asked me what we should do tonight.
May	Might/Could
Jane said, "I may not be in class tomorrow."	Jane said she might not be in class tomorrow.
"May I use the bathroom, please?" the boy asked.	The boy asked if he could use the bathroom.

Nota: Con "would", "could", "should", "might" y "ought to", el tiempo no cambia.

Reported Speech I

Cuando queremos comunicar o informar de lo que otra persona ha dicho, hay dos maneras de hacerlo: utilizando el estilo directo o el estilo indirecto. 

   Example: Chris asked, "Would you like to have dinner with me tomorrow night?"

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Present Simple	Past Simple
"He's American" she said.	She said he was American.
"I'm happy to see you," Mary said.	Mary said that she was happy to see me.
He asked, "Are you busy tonight?"	He asked me if I was busy tonight.
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
"Dan is living in San Francisco," she said.	She said Dan was living in San Francisco.
He said, "I'm making dinner."	He told me that he was making dinner.
"Why are you working so hard?" they asked.	They asked me why I was working so hard.
Past Simple	Past Perfect Simple
"We went to the movies last night," he said.	He told me they had gone to the movies last night.
Greg said, "I didn't go to work yesterday."	Greg said that he hadn't gone to work yesterday.
"Did you buy a new car?" she asked.	She asked me if I had bought a new car.
Past Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous
"I was working late last night," Vicki said.	Vicki told me she'd been working last night.
They said, "We weren't waiting long."	They said that they hadn't been waiting long.
He asked, "Were you sleeping when I called?"	He asked if I'd been sleeping when he called.
Present Perfect Simple	Past Perfect Simple
Heather said, "I've already eaten."	Heather told me that she'd already eaten.
"We haven't been to China," they said.	They said they hadn't been to China.
"Have you worked here before?" I asked.	I asked her whether she'd worked there before.
Present Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous
"I've been studying English for two years," he said.	He said he'd been studying English for two years.
Steve said, "We've been dating for over a year now."	Steve told me that they'd been dating for over a year.
"Have you been waiting long?" they asked.	They asked whether I'd been waiting long.
Past Perfect Simple	Past Perfect Simple (*NO CHANGE)
"I'd been to Chicago before for work," he said.	He said that he'd been to Chicago before for work.
Past Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous (*NO CHANGE)
She said, "I'd been dancing for years before the accident."	She said she'd been dancing for years before the accident.

Nota: Cuando hablamos de algo que no ha cambiado (todavía es verdad) o que es en el futuro, no tenemos que cambiar el tiempo verbal. Example: Dave said, "Kelly is sick." → Dave said Kelly is sick.